FAU Advanced Health Assessment Practice Test

In a mental status examination, if you notice impairment of speech and judgment but the rest is intact, where is the problem likely located?

1. Cerebrum

2. Cerebellum

3. Brainstem

4. Basal ganglia

The correct answer is: Cerebrum

The impairment of speech and judgment observed during a mental status examination typically points to issues localized in the cerebrum. The cerebrum is responsible for higher-level cognitive functions, including language, reasoning, problem-solving, and judgment. Areas such as Broca's and Wernicke's areas are integral to speech production and comprehension, respectively. If these functions are impaired while other areas remain intact, it indicates that the cerebrum is likely where the problem resides. In contrast, the cerebellum primarily governs coordination and balance rather than cognitive functions. The brainstem manages vital autonomic functions such as heart rate and respiration and does not directly impact speech or higher cognitive processes. The basal ganglia are involved in movement regulation and can affect motor function and some aspects of behavior but are less directly related to speech and judgment than the cerebrum. Therefore, given the combination of speech and judgment deficits in an otherwise intact examination, the cerebrum is the most appropriate localization for the problem.