FAU Advanced Health Assessment Practice Test

A patient presents with bad-smelling vaginal discharge and a fishy odor during menstruation. What is the most likely diagnosis?

1. Bacterial vaginosis

2. Candidiasis

3. Trichomoniasis

4. Chlamydia

The correct answer is: Bacterial vaginosis

Bacterial vaginosis is characterized by an imbalance in the normal flora of the vagina, often leading to an overgrowth of certain bacteria, primarily Gardnerella vaginalis. The distinctive feature of this condition is the presence of a fishy odor, particularly after sexual intercourse or during menstruation, which aligns with the patient's symptoms of bad-smelling vaginal discharge. The diagnosis is typically supported by other clinical findings, such as a grayish-white discharge and a pH level greater than 4.5 upon examination. While other conditions, like candidiasis and trichomoniasis, can also lead to vaginal symptoms, they usually present with different characteristics. Candidiasis is more likely to cause itching and a thick, curdy discharge without the characteristic fishy odor. Trichomoniasis may also have a malodorous discharge, but it tends to be yellow-green and accompanied by itching and irritation. In summary, the association of a fishy odor during menstruation and a typical presentation of vaginal discharge underscores bacterial vaginosis as the most likely diagnosis in this scenario.